Hostile work environment applies to which of the following situations?

A hostile work environment refers to situations in which an employee experiences harassment or discrimination that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment. This concept extends beyond sexual harassment and applies to various types of discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, age, disability, sex, and other characteristics.

When considering the correct choice, it's clear that it encompasses a broader range of scenarios where an employee may feel discriminated against, not limited to just sexual harassment, retaliation, or verbal disagreements. The essence of a hostile work environment is the cumulative effect of unwelcome behavior that negatively impacts an individual's ability to work.

This broad scope is crucial as it acknowledges that hostility at work can arise from many different forms of discrimination or harassment, thus underlining the importance of fostering a respectful and inclusive workplace for all employees.